Wednesday, April 13, 2011

The chosen one has returned

Picked up the rocket from the Ultimate Paint Shop today. All I can say is: WOW!
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The good news is they did a FANTASTIC job! Look at the paint on those fillets – all of my other rockets will look horrible in comparison. Oh well Open-mouthed smile
The bad news is I have two days left to finish the rocket.
Things left to do:
a little rewiring on the AV-Bay. I found an intermittent short on one of the ematch wires. Better safe then sorry.
Need to weight all the parts and recompute the CD/CG. Determine if I need nose weight, then epoxy in the allthread into the nosecone. Also need to foam the nosecone, build some electronics compartments and install the forward bulkhead
I re-fit the AV bay into the upper sustainer, and retest the main parachute deployment. now that everything has been painted. I decided on redundant BP blastcaps for both the drogue and main deployment charges. Better safe then sorry, and I can always remove them later.
drill air holes, sheering pin holes, altimeter arming holes,altimeter breathing holes, and 1515 rail button mounting holes.

Monday, April 4, 2011

Checklist and a sponsorship!

Sorry for the lack of updates. work and travel have taken over a bit.

T-2 weeks and counting until lift-off!

I’ve added a page for my pre-flight checklist. you can see it here: http://mylevel3.wordpress.com/pre-flight-checklist/ this is a work in progress, so let me know if you think I’m missing anything obvious.

My rocket now has a few sponsors! I took my rocket into a local automotive paint dealer, The Ultimate Paint Shop in Lake Bluff to get an early start on the paint jobIMG_20110316_144338(weather has been bad in the Chicago area, they have an indoor paint booth). By the time I left their facility, I had two firm sponsors, with the possibility of adding more.

I checked with my TAP sponsors to make sure it would be ok to have ‘professionals’ finish the exterior – they were all for it. Feels a bit strange – I have no idea what the rocket is going to look like when they are done. I picked out the primary colors, but told them they could add their logo’s and names as necessary for the sponsorships. The one thing I can be sure of is the paint job will certainly look a lot better than if I did it.

In the meantime, I’ve been finishing up the programming on the Altimeters and prepping the GPS & trackers. I decided to add a terminal block for my raven to simply the connection process since it has a common ground. I also learned something new about my Marsa4. I’ve been running low on my ematch supply (Wildman ejection charge lighters), so I ordered a few Quest Q2G2 long’s to use as ematches. I use the Q2’s a lot for lpr rockets as they are very easy to set up, and are extremely reliable. The Q2’s require a very small current to go off. Turns out the Marsa4 puts out enough milliamps during it’s continuity check to ignite the Q2’s. Reinforces the “ground test, ground test, ground test” adage. I will use the Wildman ejection lighters for the marsa4, and the Q2G2’s for the raven.

Tuesday, March 8, 2011

Rocket Primed

I’ve gone through several more sanding / priming steps. Also managed to fit the custom nosecone to the sustainer. It’s starting to look like a real rocket! Unfortunately, it’s still cold in the Chicago area, so I’ve been forced to prime outside, then quickly bring everything back into the garage. My wife’s been pretty good about the horrible paint smell, but this won’t last long. Hopefully the weather will start to cooperate soon to get some real work done. My giant piece of allthread also showed up from Mcmaster-Carr for the nosecone. I’m going to reweigh everything and recalculate the Cp/Cd to determine how much nosecone weight I should use to work on that over the weekend.primed

Electronics (step 1)

I’ve been slowly getting back to work. This weekend I spent some time to mount the electronics into the tri-AVbay.

As you can see from the progression below, there isn’t too much to mounting the electronics. I positioned the Altimeter (in this case, a Marsa4), put mounting marks through the screw holes, drilled and tapped the mounting holes, then mounted the altimeter using #4 machine screws and plastic spacers. On the opposite side of the bay, I mounted a 9 volt battery holder, and ran the wires through the bolt cut out.

 

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I then drilled holes through the top and bottom of the AVBay,and ran ignition wires from the altimeter through each hole.

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Once I had the ignition wires through the hole, I mounted a 4-way screw terminal through the same hole, and secured the ignition wires into one side of the screw terminal. This will allow me to mount the e-matches to the screw terminal instead of threading them through the av-bay, and having to re-seal the AV-bay after each launch. This is a method I have been successful with in the past, although I am well aware these screw terminals will be subjected to the black powder residue , and will likely have to be replaced over time.

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I then went through the same process with the Raven. First, it is striking how small the raven is, IMG_0139when you look at it in this big AV bay. The raven is more complex to install since it uses a common + wiring scheme. While the Marsa4 had discrete connectors for everything (a + and -  for each e-match, the battery, and the power switch), the Raven only has 4 terminals and a battery + for everything. This means the power switch has to be inline, and each e-match has to be connected to the same + battery post. Not a big deal, and great if you are putting this in a minimum diameter rocket. With the amount of space in my AV bays, it’s kind of unnecessary. That said, this is my most

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The third AV Bay will house a Communication Specialist tracker, and an Altus-Metrum. I haven’t decided on where to mount the power connectors yet. I will probably wait until the very end to determine their optimum placement.

Sunday, February 20, 2011

Pre-Flight Data Capture Form

I brought the booster section and AV-Bay up to bong this weekend to show my latest progress, and one of my TAP sponsors asked to see my pre-data capture form. Of course, I didn’t have it, so I’m posting it here to make it easily accessible the next time he asks Open-mouthed smile

 

 

precap -lined out

Sand, Prime, Repeat

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     The good news is the new pads for my sander came in (picture on left). The bad news is that means I have a LOT of sanding to do. I took advantage of the weather last week to start the lengthy process of sanding, filling, priming, and sanding again to get a nice smooth finish on the rocket. The glassing of the wings turned out a bit messy because of the limited space (about 1.5”) between the trailing edge of the wings, and the leading edge of the fins. I couldn’t find a way to properly keep enough weight on the curing fiberglass to provide the same clean surface IMG_0081I ended up with on the wing tops and fin can. Worse, I can’t really fit an electrical sander in that area, so I’ve had to create all sorts of sanding devices to get into that area. You can see what looks like multiple colors on the wings and fins in the picture on the left. This is indicates in some areas I have sanded through the top layer of fiberglass into the Kevlar. That’s not necessarily a good thing,
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so I’m now using a different technique to smooth out rough areas, and even out all of the surfaces. I cleaned the surfaces, and sprayed a first coat of primer. The primer will even out many of the smaller pinholes and rough areas, but more importantly, it will allow me to see very quickly when I’ve sanded through into the fiberglass with the big difference in color. My first pass turned out smoother than I had anticipated, but up close, it still looks like Mickey Rourke’s face – that’s not a good thing. I have three major areas left on the rocket:
1) electrical
  I still need to install the switches, terminal blocks altimeters, GPS devices, and RF trackers  into the rocket and AV-BAY.

2) Nosecone
     The Nosecone shoulder still doesn’t fit  into the upper sustainer. That means more sanding, or, worst case, cutting the shoulder, and replacing it with a new home-made shoulder from a coupler. I also may need to add weight to the nosecone, and probably foam it. I’ll also need to make bay’s for tracking equipment, install all-thread, a bulkhead, and weight bearing anchor.
3) Sanding & Painting
     My plan is to put a really nice airbrushed paintjob on the rocket. Black base with winding flames is my current plan.  This will require a very smooth surface, which means lots of priming and sanding. I’m going to wait until the weather turns a little nicer so I can do this outside, and avoid ruining all of the surfaces and cars in nice garage. My wife hasn’t said anything yet about all of the dust, and I don’t want to push my luck.
    II will probably be taking a break for a bit on the construction side. Work travel is picking up a lot, three of my four daughters need pinewood derby cars made by mid march, and I still haven’t finished those crayon rockets I gave my kids for Christmas. With that said, I’ do plan to finish #1, #2 by next month so I can get a ‘practice’ launch in before the big event in April. Hopefully my leg will have recovered enough for some rocket hunting

Thursday, February 17, 2011

It’s alive!

     The weather was beautiful yesterday in the Chicago area – a Balmy 52 degrees! I moved the rocket to the garage, but couldn’t resist putting it together for the first time. I still have a fit problem between the nosecone and sustainer, but finally looks like a rocket. It’s supposed to be another nice day today, so I may try to get a few coats of primer on the booster section to see how much sanding and filling work I’ll really need to do – the fin and wing glassing came out much smoother than my usual work.

rocket

Wednesday, February 16, 2011

On a wing and a prayer

     Unfortunately, I tore my calf muscle about a week & a half ago skiing in Utah, which has really IMG_0046put a damper on rocket building and pretty much everything else. Worse, I have taken a lot of my OLD rockets out of storage  few weeks ago (a Brutus, Maximum Thrust Thunderbird, and a few other 15+ year old HPR rockets) to show my kids, and clean up for flying this weekend at Bong. Given how thick the snow is, I can’t imaging wading through it all in my leg cast trying to recover the rockets Sad smile. I’ll still go up to see if either of my tap sponsors want to see my progress, but if I fly something, it will be small.
     I was ableIMG_0049 to get the wings on. First, I had to re-cut the wing slots. The lower portion was glassed over when I made the fin-can, and the whole slot itself wasn’t quite thick enough for the wings to fit through. I repeated the process on the other side, until I could dry fit both wings with a tight fit. One of the issues I will have with the wings is my limited ability to make interior fillets since both sides of the centering rings are already glued in place. First, I filled the interior of the wing’s nomex honeycomb with epoxy and put it into the slot. I let the epoxy ooze out of the honeycomb, then removed the fin. This gave me a line of epoxy on the motor tube where the wing made contact. I repeated that process a few times to build up the epoxy on the motor tube. I then  drilled a few half-holes in the wing-slots which allowed me insert a syringe into the body and add epoxy for a sloppy, but effective internal fillet on each side of the wing. Once it was dry, I was able to look through the upper center ring hole I made to pour foam to ensure a the wing was touching, and had a a fillet, and taped it up to cure. I repeated the same process on the other side until both wings were secure wIMG_0052ith internal fillets.
I used the same epoxy and process for the wings, that I used on the fins. Measure and mark the fins and sustainer, lay down tape across the markings, and fill in the middle with epoxy. The processIMG_0058 was a little more tricky than the fins because the wing is more than twice the length. Worse, there was not enough clearance between the wing IMG_0063and the fin for me to use the same diameter washer I had used on the fins. Eventually, I settled on using my finger to spread, and create the fillet, dipping it in alcohol between pulls, exactly like using the washer. The result was significantly more messy,IMG_0066 but just as effective in creating a very smooth fillet, with clean lines. This will reduce the amount of sanding I will have to do before glassing the fins.


  
      Once everything was dry,  I separated the booster from the upper IMG_0068-1sustainer which I was using as a lever to keep the lower sustainer in my rocket holder  to mount the sustainer upright. It’s foam time! Once again I calculated the empty volume on each wing side, mixed the proper amount (266 ML, half part A, half part B), made a quick funnel out of paper and poured in the foam. Within about 5 minutes, the foam had expanded, almost perfectly to the bottom of the pour hole. I love it when a plan actually works so well! I repeated the same process on the other side,  mixing exactly the same amount of foam, but when it was done expanding, I could barely see to top through the pour hole. IMG_0074Yikes! Luckily, my kids weren’t around to see the utter failure of math and science’s ability to predict an outcome. II now had no idea how much volume was left in the sustainer, so I had to do the one thing I hate to do…. guess. As you can imagine, I didn’t guess right, and you can see the results on the right – an oozing mess out of the top of the second pourIMG_0076 hole. Luckily, this is not as bad as it looks, and I have a fair amount of experience digging foam out of tight spots thanks to a lot of lawn darts during my magnetic ejection trials. five minutes with my trusty foam extractor (a special grapefruit knife), and a little sanding, and it almost looks like I got it right the first time. I’m now going to move everything out of my office and into my garage in preparation for the massive amount of sanding I’m going to need to do. I would like to thank an anonymous reader for the tip on where to find sanding discs for my 3d sander. A kit of 100 can be had at a retailer named  Micro-Mark here. Of course, there are lots of other goodies to be found at Micro-Mark… My package arrived the other day filled with lots of tools I didn’t know I needed until I saw them in the catalog Open-mouthed smile

Thursday, February 3, 2011

Odds and ends and nosecones

IMG_0014   Spent much of the day cleaning up from the snowstorm. My four kids were school free yesterday, so I spent the day shoveling, and playing in the snow with them. I did find a little time for the rocket. The picture on the left is the original plastic nosecone. The one on the right is it’s Scotglas fiberglass replacement. Scott Broderick, a WOOSH member happened to have an “extra’ 7.5” nosecone he was willing to sell.  I was in the right place, at the right time, as this is a custom nosecone, and they can take forever if you order them. I was thinking about building my own, but a certification rocket didn’t seem like the right vehicle to be learning something so critical. The bad news is because this is a custom nosecone, it didn’t fit my upper airframe at all – the shoulder’s outer diameter is too large for the magnaframe. I was able to sneak away and do a LOT of sanding. No way I was going to do IMG_0016this in my office. You would be surprised at the amount of fiberglass dust even a small sanding can create. For sanding curved surfaces, I use a Crasftman 3D sander. The sander has three floating heads each with their own circular sanding pad. This lets the sander conform to most curved surfaces, reducing the possibility of creating a slat spot using a traditional sander. Unfortunately, they don’t seem to make these anymore, so the pads are becoming a little hard to find. This is an indispensable tool for me, so if someone knows of a reasonable alternative, let me know!

Monday, January 31, 2011

Laminate, Laminate, Laminate

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     Sounds strange, but I like laminating things. Kevlar, Carbon Fiber, Fiberglass…. doesn’t really matter. Once you understand the process, it opens up a lot of options in both Rocketry, and the real world. In Rocketry, Laminating can provide key missing strength, stiffness, or just plain ruggedness to an otherwise undistinguished model. Combine lamination with foam, and a whole world of custom parts, or odd rockets can be created. In the photo on the right, you see what looks to be the launch of a boring Estes “Super Big Bertha” kit. In fact, the entire rocket was laminated with Kevlar, Carbon Fiber, and fiberglass. The end result – A kit that Este’s recommends launching with a D12-5 engine (max thrust of 29 N, total impulse of 16.8 N-s), that I launched with an Aerotech J570 (max thrust of 1142.5N, total impulse of 973.1N) – an engine about forty times more powerful. During this particular flight, I had packed the chute a bit too tight to fit in my electromagnetic ejection system. Ejection worked, but the parachute  never inflated. The rocket fell from 5000 ft, and didn’t have a scratch on it when I found it about 1/2mile away. You can check out the video from the flight below (you can see the camera duct-taped to the side)
[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ptcmwxKvZdM&w=448&h=277&hd=1]
Super Big Birtha Freefall
While I didn’t show the original fiberglassing of the magnaframe airframe, there wasn’t a lot of complexity involved. Just as I was leaving HPR rocketry the first time (thanks to the BATF), I had found a company called Fibersock that sold a knitted fiberglass “sock” that let you fiberglass a tube without any seams or complexity. Upon my return to HPR (thanks to Tripoli & NAR beating the ATF in court), Fibersock is gone, but the product is still around. Giant Leap sells a version they call “easyglas” which is exactly the same thing.  Basically you pull the sock over the airframe, tie it up on either side, and slather on epoxy laminate. The only modification I’ve made to this process is to use a Teflon coated release film to ensure a very smooth surface, and no air bubbles. This is unlike any peel-ply, or release film I’ve ever used. Very easy to remove, very smooth, super easy to cut and position. Frankly, it’s so well made, when doing tip-to-tip lamination on a small rocket, I’ll often use the same piece of cut release film over and over. Only place I’ve found it i s here.
     My plan was to to do tip-to-tip lamination of the fins with one layer of Kevlar for strength, and one layer of IMG_0009fiberglass for finishing. I’ve found Kevlar almost impossible to sand to a smooth finish once it is cured. a thin layer of fiberglass over the top of the Kevlar provides a great base to sand and smooth. I first laid some scrap newspaper over the fins to create the base outline of the fin area. I then cut out the newspaper, and used it as a base to build a cutting template out of foam board. The newspaper gave me the base dimensions, but I needed to add about 2 inches of cloth in each direction to ensure complete coverage, and allow for the Kevlar and fiberglass to wrap around the thick fin edge.IMG_0013 A typical rocket fin made out of g10 fiberglass would be about .093, to .125 inches thick. My fins and wings were about five times thicker, requiring some creative solutions down the road. My main goal in creating the laminating fin can is to ensure the fin’s don’t rip off during flight, and increase their strength in case the rocket lands funny. I plan on putting a LOT of time into the finish (I have an airbrush, and like to play….), and would be crushed if a great flight ended with a broken fin.
My normal method for tip-to-tip lamination is to use a fairly standard vacuum bag sealing process. Because of the size of the rocket, I could not create a bag that would encapsulate the entire lower sustainer with fins and keep a good seal. This may be possible, but I spent a LONG, LONG time on it. The primary advantage of vacuum sealing is it creates a lot of pressure on the lamination, squeezing the excess epoxy out through the rIMG_0021elease film (reducing weight), and creating a good mechanical connection between the epoxy, fabric, and fins. In my case, I was less concerned about weight, but wanted to make sure I would have a good mechanical bond, including the thick edge of the fins. There are lots of great tutorials on the web on how to do tip-to-tip lamination without vacuum sealing, but all of the ones I have seen assume you have a fairly thin fin. The best I’ve seen is here. In my case, needed ballast on the lamination to keep it tightly bonded to the fin, but I needed pressure on the edge of the fin as well. Using a fin jig as John did in the link will almost guarantee there won’t be enough pressure on the edge of the fin. I needed some kind of Ballast that would mold around the fin keeping pressure over the entire surface area during curing. I settled on using a  liquid as the weight, in a waterproof bag that could hang over the fin.

I should probably mention I spent a LOT of time sanding down the fillets. I also installed the boat tail, as I decided I wanted some lamination over the edge to ensure a smooth transition between the airframe and boat tail for
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finishing. That added even more sanding. Once complete, I ‘painted’ on a layer of epoxy (US Composites), put down the Kevlar, Wet the Kevlar, then added the fiberglass. Wet the fiberglass, then added the Teflon release film. Wet the release film, then added a Polyester breather cloth on top to suck up the excess epoxy, and provide a surface for me to put down my ballast. I filled three zip-lock bags about 3/4 with water as my ballast. One bag 
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per fin, and one for the airframe & fillets.  I know it’s kind of hard to see, but the bags on the fins hang over the side, providing positive pressure on the lamination during the cure. I left everything for 24 hours. Removed the water bags, then the Teflon release film.
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As you can see, it came out really, really well. I was a little worried with the lack of significant weight on the wings, I would get a lot of air  bubbles in the lamination over the fillets. big curves like this are notoriously difficult to make sure the Kevlar and fiberglass stay pressed against the fillet, especially when the water bags were pulling on the edges of the weave to secure them around the fins. . There wasn’t one bubble tip-to-tip. Happy with the process, I then repeated it twice more for each side.IMG_0045 I only had two issues with the process, neither was too critical. First, on the edges of each Fin, I had doubled the lamination. The second layer of lamination didn’t have the pressure of the first, which you can see looks like an air bubble along the leading edge of the fin. This isn’t a big deal, As I will be sanding down the second layer, which is mostly fiberglass. The second issue you can also see in the picture on the left is a few epoxy runs. This is a run of epoxy over a side of lamination that has already dried. Again, not too big of a deal, just requires sanding. As you can see from the picture above, I had to laminate over the pre-cut slots for the wings to get a true tip-to-tip fin can. The pre-cuts were already too small, so the next phase will be to sand the fin can, re-cut the wing slots, and install the wings. Should start to look like a real rocket soon.

Tuesday, January 25, 2011

AV-BAY

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     This may sound strange, but one of the main reasons I was attracted to this kit was the TRIAD AV-BAY with three separate 2.5” x 8” sealed bays for electronics. Electronics are one of my favorite parts of large rockets, and this will give me the opportunity to cram a whole lot more than normal. Longer term, I plan to use the 2.5” x 8” as a standard av-bay size so that my sled-mounted electronics can be moved from rocket to rocket without requiring any custom work, or disassembly of the electronics. Here’s the parts list for the AV-bay:

  • Six ‘O’ rings
  • One av-bay mounting ring with three 2.5” bored holes, five 5/16” pre-drilled holes, and six brass threaded inserts (bottom)
  • One av-bay mounting ring with three 2.5” bored holes, five 5/16 pre-drilled holes (top)
  • avpartsThree 2.5” x 8 phenolic tubes
  • Three – 1/4’ x 10.5” all-thread
  • Two – 1/4” x 20 u-bolts
  • Twenty six – 1/4” x 20 hex nuts
  • Twenty six – 1/4” washers
  • Three 1/4” eyebolts
  • Three – birch av-bay pod covers, each with two small drilled holes, one 1/4” drilled hole and three partial-circular cut outs along perimeter
  • Three 2.5” x 2.1” centering rings
  • six 2.5” x 1/4” bulkheads with dado slots
  • Three G10 boards, 2.5” x 7
  • three 1/4” x 20 wing nuts
  • six 8/32 x 3/4” machine screws
  • six 8/32 washers

     As you can see, this was a comprehensive kit, with most of the major work already completed. Combined with the great set of directions Giant Leap provided, I assumed this would be a piece of cake. NIMG_2468othing is ever as it seems Open-mouthed smile Step one was to install the ubolts on each ring, then  glue in place the three phenolic tubes into the top, or bottom ring. I opted to use the Hysol glue, although I knew it would be overkill for the bay. I just wanted the two hour pot time. Getting all three tubes perfectly parallel turned out to be more difficult than I expected. After a lot of trial and error, I opted to build a small jig that would keep both rings in place, while one ring dried, laying flat on a piece of teflon coated release film which I normally use for fiberglass / carbon fiber lamination. I just inverted the tubes to glue in place the second ring, ensuring the markings on the side of the rings lined up for installation of the hardware later. This could have

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gone pretty quickly, but I typically wait the full cure time between steps. In this case, I was putting down the fillets on the rear fins, then would move to do a step on the AV-bay. After both centering rings were on, I meyebolt in coverade sure they were true, and moved to putting together the top of each pod. Oops! when putting the eyebolt through the cover, and top bulkhead with the dado slot, it became obvious the eyebolts were too small. Before going out and buying new ones, I measured EVERYTHING to ensure the bulkheads or cover’s were not cut wrong. I also email Giant Leap just to be sure. A quick stop at home depot, and I was back in business.  I then threaded the eyebolts, glued tIMG_2490he  bulkheads to the cover, and bolted them together. Once cured, I dry-fit the 3 G10 2.5” x 7” sleds into the dado slots of the bulkheads making sure there was no overhang. I then glued everything up, and left it overnight. While the glue was drying, I installeIMG_2471d the three all-thread rods through the two centering rings. This was actually a critical component, as the all thread would be secured through the center rings I had previously installed in the upper airframe. The main parachute  kevlar shock cord would be connected to the U-bolt on the top of the av-bay, so the all thread, and center rings would be the only things connecting the main parachute to the rocket. Another great part of this hobby are the ‘cool’ tools you can buy, which could never normally be justified. In this case, my cool tool of choice was a digital toque wrench which enabled me to apply exactly the same amount of force on every bolt secured to the all-thread. In turn, thIMG_2525e extreme recovery forces should be evenly distributed through the rods. At least, this is what I told my wife when she saw the bill for the tools….

     Once the epoxy was dried on the sleds, I glued the front facing bulkhead with the dado slot on the opposite end. A few days later, I dried fit everything, and it fit quite well. I had a few areas where epoxy had overrun, or the bulkheads were too tight, but it took less than thirty minutes to get everything fit perfect. I pulled out the sleds, then CA’s the three 2.5” x 2.1” centering rings into the top of each bay. Once complete, I installed the six o rings, inserted the sleds, and locked in the three tops of the pods with two brass screws each. That was it, I now had a finished AV-bay, with the exception of mounting the electronics. Since my electronics decisions are still in flux, that may be one of the last parts of the build.

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